D Balance sheet disclosures

20. Cash and cash equivalents

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Cash on hand9,5369,395
Balances with central banks147,436111,566
Total156,973120,961

21. Loans and advances to banks and customers

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Loans and advances to banks15,84319,730
Repayable on demand8,17910,544
Other loans and advances7,6639,186
Mortgage loans and other loans secured by mortgages on real estate6774
Local authority loans3,0703,801
Finance leases1
Other loans and advances4,5255,311
Loans and advances to customers944,028890,576
Mortgage loans and other loans secured by mortgages on real estate378,127348,663
Local authority loans32,73933,297
Home savings loans advanced by building society60,43955,698
Finance leases7511,096
Other loans and advances471,972451,822

22. Hedging instruments (positive and negative fair values)

The positive fair values of hedging instruments amount to €389 million (2020: €160 million), the negative fair values of hedging instruments amount to €3,869 million (2020: €7,557 million). Both positive and negative fair values of hedging instruments exclusively result from derivative hedging instruments for fair value hedges.

23. Financial assets held for trading

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Derivatives (positive fair values)16,18822,246
Interest-linked contracts13,47819,4311
Currency-linked contracts1,4811,758
Share- and index-linked contracts847719
Credit derivatives380337
Other contracts21
Securities12,58611,721
Bonds and other fixed-income securities10,81510,261
Shares and other variable-yield securities1,7721,460
Loans and advances18,2948,310
Inventories and trade receivables372308
Other assets held for trading21
Total47,44242,586

1 Amount adjusted.

24. Investments

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Securities243,292250,950
Bonds and other fixed-income securities163,582179,256
Shares and other variable-yield securities79,71071,694
Investments in subsidiaries2,3952,134
Equity investments2,7032,290
Investments in joint ventures329309
Investments in associates75113
Other shareholdings2,2991,868
Total248,390255,374

25. Loss allowances

Loss allowances for cash and cash equivalents

€ million

Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3POCITotal
Balance as at Jan. 1, 202011
Additions88
Reversals–9–9
Balance as at Jan. 1, 2021
Additions-----
Reversals-----
Balance as at Dec. 31, 2021

Loss allowances for loans and advances to banks

€ million

Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3POCITotal
Balance as at Jan. 1, 2020257154276
Additions2240466
Reversals–257–3–2–262
Other changes–1–1
Balance as at Jan. 1, 20212251679
Additions331741
Reversals–32–33–5–70
Balance as at Dec. 31, 20212219849

Loss allowances for loans and advances to customers

€ million

Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3POCITotal
Balance as at Jan. 1, 20201,1232,3325,18728,644
Additions3382,8602,613165,827
Utilizations–1–923–1–925
Reversals–1,031–797–1,847–16–3,691
Other changes143–248737–25
Balance as at Jan. 1, 20215734,1465,10389,830
Additions6241,0072,017193,667
Utilizations–1–731–732
Reversals–719–739–2,203–16–3,677
Other changes192–254141382
Balance as at Dec. 31, 20216684,1604,329139,170

Loss allowances for investments

€ million

Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3POCITotal
Balance as at Jan. 1, 2020908918197
Additions53924401
Reversals–20–12–5–37
Other changes11–13–2
Balance as at Jan. 1, 20218645617559
Additions175774
Utilizations –1–1
Reversals–45–236–12–293
Other changes14–1411
Balance as at Dec. 31, 2021722645341

Loss allowances for other assets

€ million

Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3POCITotal
Balance as at Jan. 1, 202011
Additions11
Balance as at Jan. 1, 202122
Additions
Balance as at Dec. 31, 202122

26. Investments held by insurance companies

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Investment property3,8133,835
Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates923849
Mortgage loans13,00510,882
Promissory notes and loans7,0726,873
Registered bonds7,7958,551
Other loans968863
Variable-yield securities13,74211,639
Fixed-income securities60,95161,160
Derivatives (positive fair values)199553
Loss allowances–23
Deposits with ceding insurers and other investments594578
Assets related to unit-linked contracts18,73014,820
Total127,793120,580

27. Property, plant and equipment, investment property and right-of-use assets

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Land and buildings6,7176,655
Office furniture and equipment1,2701,315
Investment property279235
Other fixed assets6,9475,914
Right-of-use assets530445
Total15,74214,564

28. Income tax assets and liabilities

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Income tax assets4,4274,268
Current income tax assets838781
Deferred tax assets3,5893,4871
Income tax liabilities1,9271,781
Current income tax liabilities1,115859
Deferred tax liabilities811922

1 Amount adjusted.

Deferred tax assetsDeferred tax liabilities
€ millionDec. 31, 2021Dec. 31, 2020Dec. 31, 2021Dec. 31, 2020
Tax loss carryforwards1714
Loans and advances to banks and customers7486816966
Financial assets and liabilities held for trading, and hedging instruments (positive and negative fair values)7198104891
Investments12156661,150
Loss allowances1,3131,4682
Investments held by insurance companies1401091,0861,248
Deposits from banks and customers669917136158
Debt certificates issued including bonds8021023
Provisions2,6442,6479399
Insurance liabilities83745249
Other balance sheet items284314379337
Total (gross)6,0346,6643,2564,098
Netting of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities–2,445–3,1771–2,445–3,1771
Total (net)3,5893,487811922

1 Amount adjusted.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences in respect of the balance sheet items shown in the table as well as for tax loss carryforwards

29. Other assets

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Other assets held by insurance companies4,4713,405
Goodwill176165
Other intangible assets730777
Prepaid expenses242229
Other receivables5,1674,647
Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale164199
Fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest-rate risk3,1187,037
Residual other assets9171,103
Total14,98617,562

The breakdown of other assets held by insurance companies is as follows:

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Intangible assets151157
Reinsurers’ share of insurance liabilities782149
Provision for unearned premiums212
Benefit reserves3739
Provisions for claims outstanding74398
Loans and advances1,7031,604
Receivables arising out of direct insurance operations467428
Receivables arising out of reinsurance operations384294
Other receivables851882
Credit balances with banks, checks and cash on hand702357
Property, plant and equipment399416
Residual other assets736724
Prepaid expenses6482
Remaining assets held by insurance companies673642
Loss allowances–2–2
Total4,4713,405

Property, plant and equipment includes right-of-use assets in the amount of €60 million (2020: €55 million).

30. Deposits from banks and customers

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Deposits from banks193,809160,924
Repayable on demand8,5598,430
With agreed maturity or notice period185,250152,494
Deposits from customers984,926937,876
Savings deposits and home savings deposits247,383248,714
Savings deposits with agreed notice period of three months176,841178,789
Savings deposits with agreed notice period of more than three months4,3475,252
Home savings deposits66,19464,673
Other deposits from customers737,543689,162
Repayable on demand644,858594,755
With agreed maturity or notice period92,68594,407

31. Debt certificates issued including bonds

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Bonds issued50,29848,487
Mortgage Pfandbriefe48,16644,459
Public-sector Pfandbriefe1,7231,860
Other bonds4092,168
Other debt certificates issued13,2239,878
Total63,52158,365

32. Financial liabilities held for trading

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Derivatives (negative fair values)15,40220,144
Interest-linked contracts11,91116,5051
Currency-linked contracts1,6821,8071
Share- and index-linked contracts1,5771,550
Credit derivatives8294
Other contracts150188
Short positions1,548603
Bonds issued including share- and index and other debt certificates22,24522,224
Liabilities8043,790
Liabilities from commodities transactions and commodity lending4640
Total40,04546,802

1 Amount adjusted.

33. Provisions

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Provisions for defined benefit plans7,2188,118
Provisions for loan commitments365317
Provisions for financial guarantee contracts132152
Other provisions for loans and advances3843
Provisions relating to building society operations1,3981,444
Residual provisions3,9933,500
Total13,14513,574

Funding status of defined benefit obligations

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Present value of defined benefit obligations not funded by plan assets6,6137,465
Present value of defined benefit obligations funded by plan assets3,9063,188
Present value of defined benefit obligations10,51910,653
less fair value of plan assets–3,358–2,535
Defined benefit obligations (net)7,1618,118
Unrecognized surplus (asset ceiling)54
Recognized surplus3
Provisions for defined benefit plans7,2188,118

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligations

2021 € million2020 € million
Present value of defined benefit obligations as at Jan. 110,65310,399
Current service cost201102
Interest expense79104
Pension benefits paid including plan settlements–367–369
Past service cost–12
Actuarial gains (-)/losses (+)–69405
Other changes2310
Present value of defined benefit obligations as at Dec. 3110,51910,653

Changes in plan assets

2021 € million2020 € million
Fair value of plan assets as at Jan. 12,5352,466
Interest income1925
Contributions to plan assets3023
Pension benefits paid–75–73
Return on plan assets (excluding interest income)83695
Other changes13–1
Fair value of plan assets as at Dec. 313,3582,535

Actuarial assumptions used for defined benefit obligations

Dec. 31, 2021 in percentDec. 31, 2020 in percent
Weighted discount rate1.100.75
Weighted salary increase1.801.87
Weighted pension increase1.801.75

34. Insurance liabilities

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Provision for unearned premiums1,1791,194
Benefit reserve74,16770,470
Provision for claims outstanding16,42914,627
Provision for premium refunds11,23712,569
Other insurance liabilities5350
Reserve for unit-linked insurance contracts15,79912,303
Total118,863111,213

Change in provision for unearned premiums

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 11,1941,188
Additions1,2381,253
Utilizations/reversals–1,259–1,239
Changes attributable to currency translation6–8
Balance as at Dec. 311,1791,194

Change in benefit reserve

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 170,47065,502
Additions7,2688,093
Interest component918982
Utilizations/reversals–4,516–4,106
Other measurement gains or losses6
Changes attributable to currency translation1–1
Changes in the scope of consolidation20
Balance as at Dec. 3174,16770,470

Supplementary change-in-discount-rate reserves totaling €5,451 million have been recognized for policies with a discount rate in excess of the reference rate specified in the German Regulation on the Principles Underlying the Calculation of the Premium Reserve (DeckRV) (December 31, 2020: €4,698 million).

Change in the provision for claims outstanding

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 114,62713,415
Claims expenses8,4247,821
less payments–6,847–6,427
Changes attributable to currency translation225–182
Balance as at Dec. 3116,42914,627

Change in the provision for premium refunds

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 112,56912,149
Additions599516
Utilizations/reversals–820–759
Other measurement gains or losses1,767
Changes resulting from unrealized gains and losses on investments (through other comprehensive income)–2,947857
Changes resulting from other remeasurements (through profit or loss)49–171
Changes attributable to currency translation20–23
Balance as at Dec. 3111,23712,569

The breakdown of maturities for insurance liabilities is shown in the following tables:

Balance as at Dec. 31, 2021

€ million

≤ 1 year> 1 year – 5 years> 5 yearsIndefinite term
Provision for unearned premiums96716448
Benefit reserve1,6245,14413,36654,033
Provision for claims outstanding5,9866,3784,065
Provision for premium refunds9116866379,003
Other insurance liabilities2610143
Total9,51412,38218,13063,039

Balance as at Dec. 31, 2020

€ million

≤ 1 year> 1 year – 5 years> 5 yearsIndefinite term
Provision for unearned premiums96718245
Benefit reserve2,0405,20513,91749,308
Provision for claims outstanding5,2625,4373,928
Provision for premium refunds85766464910,399
Other insurance liabilities296114
Total9,15511,49418,55059,711

35. Other liabilities

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Other liabilities of insurance companies7,6977,388
Other liabilities and accruals2,6712,435
Liabilities included in disposal groups22
Fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest-rate risk263455
Lease liabilities539452
Residual other liabilities876880
Total12,04811,612

The breakdown of other liabilities held by insurance companies is as follows:

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Residual provisions426436
Provisions for employee benefits391403
Provisions for share-based payment transactions33
Other provisions3130
Payables and residual other liabilities7,2716,952
Subordinated capital8075
Deposits received from reinsurers3641
Payables arising out of direct insurance operations1,3981,525
Payables arising out of reinsurance operations597566
Debt certificates issued including bonds3131
Deposits from banks473532
Derivatives (negative fair values)10323
Liabilities from capitalization transactions3,5923,053
Lease liabilities from insurance business7658
Other liabilities318293
Residual other liabilities567755
Total7,6977,388

Provisions for defined benefit plans

The following table presents the provisions for defined benefit plans included in the other liabilities held by insurance companies.

Funded status of defined benefit pension plans

2021 € million2020 € million
1. Pension commitments funded with plan assets
Present value of vested pension entitlements2,031381
Fair value of plan assets–1,888–217
Recognized net liability143164
2. Pension commitments funded with reimbursement rights
Fair value of reimbursement rights33
Funded status140161
3. Pension commitments not funded with external assets
Present value of vested pension entitlements6062
Recognized net liability6062
of which total recognized net liability203226
Total200223

Present value of entitlements earned under defined benefit pension plans

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 1443444
Transition due to reassessment of a defined benefit plan previously treated as a defined contribution plan1,670
Actuarial gains (–)/losses (+)–118
of which: from changes in demographic assumptions10
of which: from changes in financial assumptions–11–2
Current service cost66
Interest expense35
Employee contributions to the pension plan11
Payments made from the plan–21–21
Balance as at Dec. 312,091443

Plan assets for defined benefit planss

2021 € million2020 € million
Balance as at Jan. 1217213
Transition due to reassessment of a defined benefit plan previously treated as a defined contribution plan1,6701
Actuarial gains (+)/losses (–)22
Interest income12
Employee contributions to the pension plan1012
Payments made from the plan–12–12
Balance as at Dec. 311,888217
Present value of vested entitlements less plan assets203226
Carrying amount of provisions for pensions as at Dec. 31203226

1 After asset ceiling.

36. Subordinated capital

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Subordinated liabilities4,7374,360
Profit-sharing rights668
Share capital repayable on demand1213
Total4,7554,441

37. Equity

Breakdown of subscribed capital

Dec. 31, 2021 € millionDec. 31, 2020 € million
Cooperative shares14,70413,385
Share capital186175
Capital of silent partners4854
Total14,93813,614

The capital reserves comprise the amounts by which the notional value of the shares of the corporations included in the consolidated financial statements was exceeded upon the issuance of the shares.

Retained earnings contain the undistributed equity earned by the companies included in the consolidated financial statements as well as the gains and losses arising on remeasurements of defined benefit plans after taking into account deferred taxes.

The reserve from other comprehensive income consists of the following items:

No reclassification to the income statementReclassification to the income statement
Reserve from equity instruments for which the fair value OCI option has been exercisedReserve from gains and losses in relation to financial liabilities for which the fair value option has been exercised, attributable to changes in own credit riskReserve from debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive incomeCash flow hedge reserveCurrency translation reserve
€ million
Equity as at Jan. 1, 2020559–401,378186
Other comprehensive income/loss–78–40705–26
Total comprehensive income–78–40705–26
Acquisition/disposal of non-controlling interests–1
Reclassifications within equity–528
Equity as at Dec. 31, 2020428–722,083160
Other comprehensive income/loss41126–863–12
Total comprehensive income41126–863–12
Acquisition/disposal of non-controlling interests–1–1
Reclassifications within equity–120–5
Equity as at Dec. 31, 2021719–511,21861

The additional equity components include AT1 capital issued by MHB, reduced by shares held by companies included in the consolidated financial statements. The AT1 capital was issued in the financial year 2019 in a nominal amount of CHF 125 million in order to generate additional regulatory Tier 1 capital.

The non-controlling interests include the shares in the equity of consolidated companies that are not attributable to the Cooperative Financial Network.